NFC
Near Field Communication
A short-range (≈4cm) wireless standard used to embed a tappable chip in a product, label or tag — read by every modern smartphone with no app.
NFC is a 13.56 MHz radio standard derived from HF RFID. The chip is passive (powered by the phone's field), so it works for the life of the product. A tap opens a URL, exactly like scanning a QR — but invisibly, with no line of sight and no camera.
For connected products, the interesting NFC chips are the NTAG family from NXP (213/215/216 for cheap URL tags) and NTAG 424 DNA for authentication (every tap mints a fresh, cryptographically-signed URL that can't be cloned).
NFC is the default carrier for luxury, premium spirits, fashion and any case where authenticity matters more than absolute cost-per-tag. QR is the default everywhere else.