Commerce
Authentication vs Verification
Authentication answers 'is this item genuine?'; verification answers 'is the claim about it true?'. Different questions, different tools.
Authentication is about the object: this physical thing is a real Brand X product, not a counterfeit. It typically relies on tamper-evident carriers (cryptographic NFC, secured QR) plus a serialised identity the brand can confirm.
Verification is about the claims: this product really was made in this place, contains these materials, meets this standard. It relies on event records, certificates and third-party attestations attached to the Product Record.
Connected products need both. A genuine item with unverifiable claims is just as much of a problem as a counterfeit with a great story.